Gradual reduction machine



(No Model.) f {Snelste-'Sheet i;

J. M. CASE. GRADUAL- REDUCTION 'MAGHINE-` No. 417,629. Patented.' Deo. 17, 188.9..

(No Model.) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

y J. vM. CASE.

GRADUAL REDUCTION MACHINE. No. 417,629. y PatentedvDec'. 17, 1889.

(No Model.)

. y 4 Sheets-r-Sheet 3. J.A M. OASE. GRADUAL REDUCTION MACHINE,

10.417,629@ Patented Dec. 17, 1889.l

l. Unirse STATES vPnrsrrr To m55 whom t may concern:

tlic gradual. reduction of grain.

COLUMBUS, OHIO,

Y -Ass'ienon "To THE OASE MANUFAO- TURrNe COMPANY, or SAME PLACE.

GRADUAL-REDUCTiON MACHIN srncrrrcn'rronfomnigpart of Letters Patent No. 417,629, dated December 17, isse.

Application filed March 30, 18871 flo it'known that I, JOHN M. CASE, a citizen cf the .United States, residing at Columbus, in

the county-of Franklin and State of Ohio,`

V'of which the following is a specicatio'n.

The :invention consists in certain features of novelty., whichare herein after particularly pointed out in the claim, being first fully described with reference to the accompanyin g drawings, in. `which--A Figure I is an elevation of the head end of the machine. Fig. Il is aver-tical transverse section on the line II II, Fig. III, looking to ward the tail end of the machine. (See arrow.) Fig'. III is a vertical longitudinal 'section on the line III III, Fig. I, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 'IV is an elevation of the 'tail end of the machine, tal section on the line V V, Fig. IV, looking downward. Fig. VI is a detail view, on a larger scale, showing fragments of the adjacent faces of the rolls. Fig. VII is a diagram, hereinafter more particularly-referredto. Fig. VIII is a detailview of a conveyer of modified forn'nhereinafter referred to.

The object ofthepresent invention is to combine in a single portable machine of small dimensions all those devices and appliances for effecting .the several' steps necessary in The machine is designed more particularly for use in those localities where large mills are scarce, (because not p-roiitable,) and it is constructed on such a scale as to be capable of being driven by horsev oreven, if need be, by-hand power. The machine comprises a grain-cleaner, two pairsof reduction-rolls, a pair of bolts, and suitable cut offs, spouts, and conveyers,

whereby the material is caused to pass from' break-rolls, whence it passes to thesecond.

bolting-reel, whereby the remaining bran and other impurities are drawn Oif andthe better- Fig. V is a horizo'nsemina. 233,013. (Nomads.)

product separated into flour of two, three, or more grades.

On thelupper part of the machine is placed a wheat-cleaner consisting of a corrugated scouring-druml, placed within a closed'cylind'rical casing 2, having at one end a hopper 3 for, the reception of` the. grain and at the other end an aperture through which the grain escapes." The end of the cleaner terminates with. its dischargeaperture in a Vertical air-trunk 4', open -at its Alower end and .communicating above the discharge-aperture.

with thefeye of a fan 6, mounted upon the same shaft which carries the scouring-drum.

The fan-casing is placed in-close proximity to the delivery end of the scouring wheatcleaner and the air-trunk 4, carried over i,

the 4top of the casing and down on the other side, communicating with the eye of the fan remote from the cleaner. This arrangement is adopted with a view t-o mak- VThe lower end of the air-trunk 4 communicates with. a spout 7, through which the cleaned grain passes downward to the hopper 8, placed over the first break-rolls 9 9, Figs. III and V, the` bottoml of said spout being formed ofl asheet of wire-gauze 7", through -Which foreign substances of greater specific gravity than the dust may sift, and through which air may enter for supplying the fan. The air in rushing through the air-trunk 4 .ing the machine as compact as may be.

carries with it all light dust and other impufaces of the two rolls willv be seen'to project in opposite directions, those of the fast roll being presented upward and those of the slow roll downward. The result of this arrange-f ment is that the grain is crushed against the inclined back surfaces of the teeth, as shown in Fig'. VI-,rather than cut, as'it would be if IOC q ing distance of the other (ascertainable in the'l middlinga arresting only the bran, which,

the arrangement of the teeth here shown were reversed. These rolls which I ein oyin this mill are short axially but large' diameter. The effect of increasing the 'diaineferis to increase in a vertical direetion'the.superficial area of each roll, which isat all times within grinding distance of the other. apparent on reference to the diagram, Fig. VII, where a represents grain to be crushed and the circles I) Z) represent the peripheries ot a pair of rolls of small diameter. It 'will be observed that thesuperiicial area of each of these rolls which is within grinding distance of the other extends from the point ce, .where they most nearly approach each other, to the point where the grain will have contact with both rolls, (represented by the line `y.) N ow, referring to the lines c c, which represent the peripheries of a pairof rolls of larger diameter,'it will be observed thatthe superficial area of each which is within grindmanner already illustrated with reference to thesmaller rolls) is much greater, extending from a: to z. By thus greatly increasing the diameter of the rolls the bran will be finished by t-he first break and may be almost completely removed by the first bolting-reel 10,

,to which the material is conveyedby a spout bolting mate- 11. This bolt is clothed with rial having meshes ot different -size for separating the material into threeorI more grades',

the grades shown in Fig. III being preferred.

The cloth at the head of the bolt is designed to pass only the flour which is pro dud bythe first break, which falls into the conveyin g-trou gh beneath the bolt,- and is carried by the conveyer 11 toward the head of the machine,where it is drawn oft by a spout 12. The next section of the bolt is clothed with clotha little finer than that at the head for preventing. the. Specks from passing through after the good iiour' is all drawn 06E. The next section is clothed with bolting material with mesh of suieient size to permit the passage of all the unfinished tails olf and is carried off by a spout 13 for feed. The middlings passing through the last section of the-bolt fall into the conveyertrough and are carried by the same eouveyer .11 toward the head of. the machine. The

trough of this conveyer is provid-ed at close intervals with cnt-offs 14, for drawing 0E the material falling therein atany desired point `or'points, and in the treatment ofv the grain:

which is now being described the cut-off' is opened between the first and second sections of the bolt, so thatthe material passing through the second and third sections will fall into the conveyer-trough beneath and be carried by the conveyer 15 to the tail end ofA the machine and delivered into the bottom of a vertical spout 16, containing a Vertical conveyer or elevator 17. I have shown two conveyers, one 11 for carrying the material toward the head of the machine, and the other This will bel l of.' the machine.

'.,into the hopper 19 (see Fig.

15 for conveying toward the tail of the machinewith eut-offs for the passage of the ma terial from the 'upper tothe lower trough;

but where it is always desired to make the' cut-off at the same place, thus rendering su- For example, if it be desired always-to separate the material at the point beneath the tail end of the first section of the bolt, the blade would be twisted from this point in opposite directions toward. the respective ends of the. shaft, so as to feed the material falling througlrthe first section of the bolt toward the head and that falling through the second and subsequent sections toward the taill end This double A'form of conveyer is well known, and need not be further `explained here.

The form of the vertical conveyer or elevator is not material, the one hereI shown consisting of an endless belt with buckets secured thereto at intervals,` which' scoop up the material from the bottom of the vertical spout 16 and deliver it at' top into an inclined troughzor spout 18,'through which it passes y III) of the second break-rolls 2Q. 20%

20 is the fast roll, being secured to along shaft 2l, to which the fast roll 9 of the rst break-roll is secured,while the roll 20L is secured' to a similar shaft 22, to'which thc slower roll 9a of the Afirst break-rolls is secured.

The material after passing ,the second break-rolls is conducted througha spout 23 into the head of a second bolt' 24, which is divided 0E similarly to the bolt 10, but clothed with cloth of different numbers. The second break-rolls are either smoother of very fine scratel1,.and are so adjusted as to eiect a complete reduction of the middlings, so that the boltft is clothed to separate the product into as many grades of finished iiour as may befdesired, what little bran or other impurities may remain in it being tailed oth The material passing through the bolt 2l falls' into a conveyertrough con taining a conveycr l25, the trough being provided at' close inter- IOO lIO

'its

vals with cut-offs similar vto the cut-Otisl 14 already described for making any desired number of se'parations. I p'reter to clothe this bolt with cloth No. 12 at head, No. 13 Iin the center, and No. 10 at tail, for making three separations of the product passing therethrough, the cut-offs of the conveyer-trough being arranged to keep the several grades separate. 1

26 is a secord conveyer placed beneath the conveyer 25 for assisting in carrying out the separation of the different grades of fiourl Each pair of rolls is inclosed within a separate housing, one ofthe walls of which partition 27.

is formed `by offsets in the casing of the n'lachine, the other consisting` of a separate These' housings are constructed with hopper-bottoms, with which the spouts ll and 23, respectively, communicate. The tufo pairs of rolls are located at dierent ends oi' the machine-(the iirst break-rolls being'v located at the head and the second break-rolls at the tail,) and the head ofL each bolt is located directly beneath the pair of rolls which it serves, the bolts being ,thus arranged to tail olf in `opposite directions.

The boxes of the slow-rolls are here shown as tilted, while the boxes of the fast rollsare movable and have applied to them the means for adjusting the distance asunder of the rolls; but this arrangement may be reversed Without departing from my invention. As

heretofore stated, the two movable rolls arel secured -near the respective extremities of one common shaft 2l, and this shaft turns in journalboxes 28, mounted to slide on suitable hearings on the easing. Each of these boxes is .forced toward the fixed roll, so as to hold the surfaces of the rolls in working position by aspring 29, the tension of which may be adjusted by a setescrew 30, tapped into a lug 3l,

projecting upu-'ard from the casingu Tapped into each ot' these lugs 3l is also a hand-screw 32, which is soconnected at its inner end as 'to regulate and determine the distance to which the rolls shall. approach each other, and

at the same time pcrmitthcm to separate when any foreign substance or even when grain is delivered to them in such excess of their grinding capacity so as to overcome the resistance of the springs 29. rlhese screws may also be used for separating the rolls and hold- ,ing them apart, so as to permit stock to pass requires a pair of such adjusting devices. l

do not' herein claim any details in the construction of this adjusting mechanism,'as any of the old and well-known arrangements for this purpose may be employed.

represent-s the main driving-belt, which passes around a pulley 34, xed to the shaft i 2l of the fast rolls at the tail end ofthe ma chine.

235v represents abelt which passes over a smaller pulley 36, secured to the end of the shaft 2l outside of the pulley 34,'and also over a pulley 37, sccuredto the upper shaft of the elevator 17.

38 is a belt at the head of the machine, which passes around a pulley 39, secured to the shaft 2 1`a second pulley140, of very large diameter, secured to the shaft of the iirstbolt 10, a third pulley 41 ,of the same diameter as l ond bolt 24, and under a belt-tightening pul-` ley 42, secured to a swinging arm 43, which is pivoted to the end of the casing and engaged by a set-screw 44, byv which the arin 43 may be swung on its pivot for tightening the belt.

45 is a crossed belt at the tail `end of the machine, which passes around a pulley 46, s'e-v cured to the shaft of the second bolt 24, and a pulley 47, secured to the extremity of the shaft 22 of the slowrolls.

l 48 is a belt at the head of the machine, passing around a pulley 49, secured'to the shaft 22 of the slow rolls 9 and 20 Within the plane of the pulley 39, andv around a pulley 50, secured to the shaft which carries the fan and the scouring-drum.

5l is a belt at the tail end of the machine, which passes around a pulley 52, secured to lthe-shaft of the bolt l0, and around a second pulley 53, secured to the shaft of the conveyer l lla.

54 is a pinion secured to the shaft of-.the conveyer ll at the head of the machine and meshing with a pinion 55, secured to the shaft of the conveyer l5.

56 (see Fig. lV) is a belt at the tail end of the machine passing around a `pulley 57, secured to .the shaft of the second bolt 24 Within .t-lie'plane of the pulley 46, and around a second pulley 58, secured to the shaft of the conveyer 25.

f'lhe conveyer 26 is driven from the con-` veyer25 through means of pinions 54 and 55, Fig. l, located at the tail end of the machine, similarly to the pinions 54 and 55, through the medium of which lthe upper conveyer 1l drives the lower conveyer l5. 1

lt will be seen that with this system of belts, pulleys, dac., the entire mill is driven from a single prime motor, the various pul-` leys being so proportioned as to give th'e desired relative velocityto each of the several I parts. y

Having thus described my invention, the followingl is what I claim as new therein'and desire to secure by Letters Patent;

In a portable gradualaeductimi machine, the combination, with a suitable casing, of a suction-spout communicating with the discharge of the grain-scourer, all located on top of one end of the casing and having a spout communicating with the interior of the casing, directly below a pair of horizontal' shafts centrally located in the upper part of the casing,

said shafts carrying, respectively,co-operating fast and slow grinding-rolls located on their opposite? ends in tight housings formed in .offsets in thecasing by suitable partitions,

said pairs of rolls being dressed as first and second .break-rolls, and the iirstV break-rolls 4being direct-ly beneath and fed' by the spout from- .the scourer, a pairof graded-- siftingbolts located centrallybeneath and parallel to the shafts of the rolls, tailiug in opposite vIoo 'grain-scourerand an air-trunk, a fan and a directions, andi each being :fed by. afspout Vfram the grinding-rolls adjacent itsfhead, a and the hopper for feeding thesecond breakpair of collectors and sepm'ating-conveyers rolls, all substantiallyas and forthe purposes lo located beneath the respective bolts and havset. forth.

ing suitable spouts, a, hopper located on top I M .C ASF of the casing at the opposite end fc the gminsccurer and feeding Jche second break-rolls, v Witnesses.:

and :m elevator comnmnicatng between the. OCTAVIUS KNIGHT,

telling from the bolt'7 of the first. break-rolls L. M. HOPKINS. 

